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Subjective expected relative similarity (SERS) is a normative and descriptive theory that predicts and explains cooperation levels in a family of games termed ''Similarity Sensitive Games (SSG)'', among them the well-known Prisoner's Dilemma game (PD).〔Fischer, I. (2012). Similarity or reciprocity? On the determinants of cooperation in similarity-sensitive games. Psychological Inquiry, 23(1), 48-54.〕 SERS was originally developed in order to (i) provide a new rational solution to the PD game and (ii) to predict human behavior in single-step PD games. It was further developed to account for: (i) repeated PD games, (ii) evolutionary perspectives and, as mentioned above, (iii) the SSG subgroup of 2x2 games. SERS predicts that individuals cooperate whenever their subjectively perceived similarity with their opponent exceeds a situational index derived from the game’s payoffs, termed the similarity threshold of the game. SERS proposes a solution to the rational paradox associated with the single step PD and provides accurate behavioral predictions.The theory was developed by Prof. Ilan Fischer at the University of Haifa. == The Prisoner's Dilemma == (詳細はdominant strategy of defection. This dominant strategy yields a better payoff regardless of the opponent’s choice. By choosing to defect, players protect themselves from exploitation and retain the option to exploit a trusting opponent. Because this is the case for both players, mutual defection is the only Nash equilibrium of the game. However, this is a deficient equilibrium (since mutual cooperation results in a better payoff for both players).〔Fischer, I. (2009). Friend or foe: subjective expected relative similarity as a determinant of cooperation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 138(3), 341.〕 The PD game payoff matrix: ''Table 1'':Payoffs are denoted as temptation (T), reward (R), punishment (P) and sucker (S) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Subjective expected relative similarity (SERS)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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